diff --git a/core/src/processing/core/PApplet.java b/core/src/processing/core/PApplet.java
index cc1d66116..ca75e3695 100644
--- a/core/src/processing/core/PApplet.java
+++ b/core/src/processing/core/PApplet.java
@@ -9585,9 +9585,34 @@ public class PApplet implements PConstants {
     g = createPrimaryGraphics();
     surface = g.createSurface();
     if (g.displayable()) {
-      frame = surface.initFrame(this, backgroundColor, displayIndex, present, spanDisplays);
-      //surface.setTitle(getClass().getName());
-      frame.setTitle(getClass().getName());
+      frame = new Frame() {
+        @Override
+        public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
+          deprecationWarning("setResizable");
+          surface.setResizable(resizable);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
+          deprecationWarning("setVisible");
+          surface.setVisible(visible);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void setTitle(String title) {
+          deprecationWarning("setTitle");
+          surface.setTitle(title);
+        }
+
+        private void deprecationWarning(String method) {
+          PGraphics.showWarning("Use surface." + method + "() instead of " +
+                                "frame." + method + " in Processing 3");
+        }
+      };
+
+      surface.initFrame(this, backgroundColor, displayIndex, present, spanDisplays);
+      surface.setTitle(getClass().getName());
+      //frame.setTitle(getClass().getName());
 //    } else {
 //      // TODO necessary?
 //      surface.initOffscreen(this);
diff --git a/core/src/processing/core/PSurface.java b/core/src/processing/core/PSurface.java
index 4a8a39204..7120d2165 100644
--- a/core/src/processing/core/PSurface.java
+++ b/core/src/processing/core/PSurface.java
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ package processing.core;
 
 import java.awt.Color;
 import java.awt.Component;
-import java.awt.Frame;
 
 
 public interface PSurface {
@@ -48,8 +47,9 @@ public interface PSurface {
 
   public Component initComponent(PApplet sketch);
 
-  public Frame initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
-                         int deviceIndex, boolean fullScreen, boolean spanDisplays);
+  //public Frame initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
+  public void initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
+                        int deviceIndex, boolean fullScreen, boolean spanDisplays);
 
   //
 
@@ -57,14 +57,14 @@ public interface PSurface {
   // Silly, but prevents a lot of rewrite and extra methods for little benefit.
   // However, maybe prevents us from having to document the 'frame' variable?
 
-//  /** Set the window (and dock, or whatever necessary) title. */
-//  public void setTitle(String title);
-//
-//  /** Show or hide the window. */
-//  public void setVisible(boolean visible);
-//
-//  /** Set true if we want to resize things (default is not resizable) */
-//  public void setResizable(boolean resizable);
+  /** Set the window (and dock, or whatever necessary) title. */
+  public void setTitle(String title);
+
+  /** Show or hide the window. */
+  public void setVisible(boolean visible);
+
+  /** Set true if we want to resize things (default is not resizable) */
+  public void setResizable(boolean resizable);
 
   //
 
diff --git a/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceAWT.java b/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceAWT.java
index 797367128..3734accd7 100644
--- a/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceAWT.java
+++ b/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceAWT.java
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ public class PSurfaceAWT extends PSurfaceNone {
 
 
   @Override
-  public Frame initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
+  public void initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
                          int deviceIndex, boolean fullScreen, boolean spanDisplays) {
     this.sketch = sketch;
 
@@ -514,46 +514,49 @@ public class PSurfaceAWT extends PSurfaceNone {
     // http://code.google.com/p/processing/issues/detail?id=467
     frame.setResizable(false);
 
-    return frame;
+//    return frame;
   }
 
 
-//  /** Set the window (and dock, or whatever necessary) title. */
-//  public void setTitle(String title) {
-//    frame.setTitle(title);
-//  }
-//
-//
-//  /** Set true if we want to resize things (default is not resizable) */
-//  public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
-//    this.resizable = resizable;  // really only used for canvas
-//
-//    if (frame != null) {
-//      frame.setResizable(resizable);
-//    }
-//  }
-//
-//
-//  public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
-//    frame.setVisible(visible);
-//
-//    // removing per https://github.com/processing/processing/pull/3162
-//    // can remove the code below once 3.0a6 is tested and behaving
-///*
-//    if (visible && PApplet.platform == PConstants.LINUX) {
-//      // Linux doesn't deal with insets the same way. We get fake insets
-//      // earlier, and then the window manager will slap its own insets
-//      // onto things once the frame is realized on the screen. Awzm.
-//      if (PApplet.platform == PConstants.LINUX) {
-//        Insets insets = frame.getInsets();
-//        frame.setSize(Math.max(sketchWidth, MIN_WINDOW_WIDTH) +
-//                      insets.left + insets.right,
-//                      Math.max(sketchHeight, MIN_WINDOW_HEIGHT) +
-//                      insets.top + insets.bottom);
-//      }
-//    }
-//*/
-//  }
+  /** Set the window (and dock, or whatever necessary) title. */
+  @Override
+  public void setTitle(String title) {
+    frame.setTitle(title);
+  }
+
+
+  /** Set true if we want to resize things (default is not resizable) */
+  @Override
+  public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
+    //this.resizable = resizable;  // really only used for canvas
+
+    if (frame != null) {
+      frame.setResizable(resizable);
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  @Override
+  public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
+    frame.setVisible(visible);
+
+    // removing per https://github.com/processing/processing/pull/3162
+    // can remove the code below once 3.0a6 is tested and behaving
+/*
+    if (visible && PApplet.platform == PConstants.LINUX) {
+      // Linux doesn't deal with insets the same way. We get fake insets
+      // earlier, and then the window manager will slap its own insets
+      // onto things once the frame is realized on the screen. Awzm.
+      if (PApplet.platform == PConstants.LINUX) {
+        Insets insets = frame.getInsets();
+        frame.setSize(Math.max(sketchWidth, MIN_WINDOW_WIDTH) +
+                      insets.left + insets.right,
+                      Math.max(sketchHeight, MIN_WINDOW_HEIGHT) +
+                      insets.top + insets.bottom);
+      }
+    }
+*/
+  }
 
 
   //public void placeFullScreen(boolean hideStop) {
diff --git a/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceFX.java b/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceFX.java
index 0073cf701..2956f3ada 100644
--- a/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceFX.java
+++ b/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceFX.java
@@ -167,48 +167,67 @@ public class PSurfaceFX implements PSurface {
   }
 
 
-  public Frame initFrame(PApplet sketch, java.awt.Color backgroundColor,
+  //public Frame initFrame(PApplet sketch, java.awt.Color backgroundColor,
+  public void initFrame(PApplet sketch, java.awt.Color backgroundColor,
                          int deviceIndex, boolean fullScreen,
                          boolean spanDisplays) {
     this.sketch = sketch;
     PApplicationFX.surface = this;
-    Frame frame = new DummyFrame();
+    //Frame frame = new DummyFrame();
     new Thread(new Runnable() {
       public void run() {
         Application.launch(PApplicationFX.class);
       }
     }).start();
-    return frame;
+    //return frame;
   }
 
 
-  class DummyFrame extends Frame {
-
-    public DummyFrame() {
-      super();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
-      // TODO
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
-      stage.show();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setTitle(String title) {
-      if (stage != null) {
-        stage.setTitle(title);
-      } else {
-        System.err.println("stage was null for setTitle()");
-      }
-    }
+  /** Set the window (and dock, or whatever necessary) title. */
+  public void setTitle(String title) {
+    // TODO ignored?
   }
 
 
+  /** Show or hide the window. */
+  public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
+    // TODO ignored?
+  }
+
+
+  /** Set true if we want to resize things (default is not resizable) */
+  public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
+    // TODO ignored?
+  }
+
+
+//  class DummyFrame extends Frame {
+//
+//    public DummyFrame() {
+//      super();
+//    }
+//
+//    @Override
+//    public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
+//      // TODO
+//    }
+//
+//    @Override
+//    public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
+//      stage.show();
+//    }
+//
+//    @Override
+//    public void setTitle(String title) {
+//      if (stage != null) {
+//        stage.setTitle(title);
+//      } else {
+//        System.err.println("stage was null for setTitle()");
+//      }
+//    }
+//  }
+
+
   /*
   public class PApplicationFX extends Application {
 
diff --git a/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceNone.java b/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceNone.java
index a7d830394..c0d0bc0e4 100644
--- a/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceNone.java
+++ b/core/src/processing/core/PSurfaceNone.java
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ package processing.core;
 
 import java.awt.Color;
 import java.awt.Component;
-import java.awt.Frame;
 
 
 /**
@@ -55,10 +54,27 @@ public class PSurfaceNone implements PSurface {
   }
 
 
-  public Frame initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
+  public void initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
                          int deviceIndex, boolean fullScreen,
                          boolean spanDisplays) {
-    return null;
+  }
+
+
+  /** Set the window (and dock, or whatever necessary) title. */
+  public void setTitle(String title) {
+    // TODO ignored?
+  }
+
+
+  /** Show or hide the window. */
+  public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
+    // TODO ignored?
+  }
+
+
+  /** Set true if we want to resize things (default is not resizable) */
+  public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
+    // TODO ignored?
   }
 
 
diff --git a/core/src/processing/opengl/PSurfaceLWJGL.java b/core/src/processing/opengl/PSurfaceLWJGL.java
index e20972c7c..433311609 100644
--- a/core/src/processing/opengl/PSurfaceLWJGL.java
+++ b/core/src/processing/opengl/PSurfaceLWJGL.java
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public class PSurfaceLWJGL implements PSurface {
 
 
   @Override
-  public Frame initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
+  public void initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
                          int deviceIndex, boolean fullScreen, boolean spanDisplays) {
     this.sketch = sketch;
 
@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ public class PSurfaceLWJGL implements PSurface {
 //    sketchWidth = sketch.width = sketch.sketchWidth();
 //    sketchHeight = sketch.height = sketch.sketchHeight();
 
-    frame = new DummyFrame();
-    return frame;
+//    frame = new DummyFrame();
+//    return frame;
   }
 
 
@@ -233,24 +233,24 @@ public class PSurfaceLWJGL implements PSurface {
   }
 
 
-//  @Override
-//  public void setTitle(String title) {
-//    Display.setTitle(title);
-//  }
-//
-//
-//  @Override
-//  public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
-//    // Apparently not possible:
-//    // http://forum.lwjgl.org/index.php?topic=5388.0
-//    System.err.println("Cannot set visibility of window in OpenGL");
-//  }
-//
-//
-//  @Override
-//  public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
-//    Display.setResizable(resizable);
-//  }
+  @Override
+  public void setTitle(String title) {
+    Display.setTitle(title);
+  }
+
+
+  @Override
+  public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
+    // Apparently not possible:
+    // http://forum.lwjgl.org/index.php?topic=5388.0
+    System.err.println("Cannot set visibility of window in OpenGL");
+  }
+
+
+  @Override
+  public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
+    Display.setResizable(resizable);
+  }
 
 
   @Override
@@ -607,28 +607,28 @@ public class PSurfaceLWJGL implements PSurface {
   }
 
 
-  @SuppressWarnings("serial")
-  class DummyFrame extends Frame {
-
-    public DummyFrame() {
-      super();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
-      Display.setResizable(resizable);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
-      System.err.println("Cannot set visibility of window in OpenGL");
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setTitle(String title) {
-      Display.setTitle(title);
-    }
-  }
+//  @SuppressWarnings("serial")
+//  class DummyFrame extends Frame {
+//
+//    public DummyFrame() {
+//      super();
+//    }
+//
+//    @Override
+//    public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
+//      Display.setResizable(resizable);
+//    }
+//
+//    @Override
+//    public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
+//      System.err.println("Cannot set visibility of window in OpenGL");
+//    }
+//
+//    @Override
+//    public void setTitle(String title) {
+//      Display.setTitle(title);
+//    }
+//  }
 
 
 
diff --git a/java/libraries/jogl/src/processing/jogl/PSurfaceJOGL.java b/java/libraries/jogl/src/processing/jogl/PSurfaceJOGL.java
index 35f854adc..c484c7f79 100644
--- a/java/libraries/jogl/src/processing/jogl/PSurfaceJOGL.java
+++ b/java/libraries/jogl/src/processing/jogl/PSurfaceJOGL.java
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public class PSurfaceJOGL implements PSurface {
     return null;
   }
 
-  public Frame initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
+  public void initFrame(PApplet sketch, Color backgroundColor,
                          int deviceIndex, boolean fullScreen,
                          boolean spanDisplays) {
     this.sketch = sketch;
@@ -321,42 +321,45 @@ public class PSurfaceJOGL implements PSurface {
       // error setting the window visible, should quit...
     }
 
-    frame = new DummyFrame();
-    return frame;
+//    frame = new DummyFrame();
+//    return frame;
   }
 
-  @SuppressWarnings("serial")
-  class DummyFrame extends Frame {
-
-    public DummyFrame() {
-      super();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
-//      super.setResizable(resizable);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
-      window.setVisible(visible);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setTitle(String title) {
-      window.setTitle(title);
-    }
-  }
+//  @SuppressWarnings("serial")
+//  class DummyFrame extends Frame {
+//
+//    public DummyFrame() {
+//      super();
+//    }
+//
+//    @Override
+//    public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
+////      super.setResizable(resizable);
+//    }
+//
+//    @Override
+//    public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
+//      window.setVisible(visible);
+//    }
+//
+//    @Override
+//    public void setTitle(String title) {
+//      window.setTitle(title);
+//    }
+//  }
 
 
+  @Override
   public void setTitle(String title) {
     window.setTitle(title);
   }
 
+  @Override
   public void setVisible(boolean visible) {
     window.setVisible(visible);
   }
 
+  @Override
   public void setResizable(boolean resizable) {
     // TODO Auto-generated method stub